Feeding

Breast milk - the best and only food, which requires a child c birth to 4-6 months. If a child can not eat breast milk, pediatricians recommend the milk mixture with the addition of vitamins and iron.

When to start lure baby?

By 4-6 months the children began to disappear extruding reflex (infant tongue pushes all that put him in the mouth). This is a signal that can lure a child to begin solid foods.

How to lure?

Suggest lure can be used only if the child is rested and feels good, for example, after sleep. Baby should be sitting in his chair or on your lap.

Never force a child to eat. If he cries or turns away, perhaps a child is not ready to complementary feeding. Continue to feed him breast milk or infant formula and try again in a week or more.

What lure?

American Academy of Pediatrics recommends as the first solid food for the baby rice gruel. You can breed a little rice cereal with breast milk or milk mixture and invite your child on a special spoon. At first the child would eat no more than half a teaspoon, but very quickly begins to eat 2-3 tablespoons at a time.

Most doctors advise introduce porridge in the following order:

* Rice

Then, starting at 8 months:

* Oatmeal
* Pearl
* Wheat porridge and oatmeal mnogozernovye (these cereals are introduced in the least, to reduce the risk of allergies).

When a child learns to have porridge, you can enter pureed vegetables - easily digestible at first yellow and then green. You may enter vegetables in the following order:

* Carrots
* Maize
* Pumpkin
* Green Beans
* Peas
* Avocados

Then, you can enter unsweetened milk yogurt, and after them - mashed fruit.

* Apple
* Banana
* Peach
* Pear

At least the meat is introduced, because is most difficult to digest.

* Beef
* Chicken
* Turkey
* Lamb

How do I know whether a child allergic to certain foods?

If you give a child a new food, do not offer nothing new, at least within 3 days. In the case of allergies, you'll know exactly what caused it. Also, try to a new type of food appearing in the diet of the child is not the cup twice a month. Avoid meat and some grains up to 8 months of age. Allergic reactions in infants have the following symptoms:

* Diarrhea
* Insomnia
* Weeping
* A rash on the face, especially around the mouth
* Rhinitis
* A strong stimulation of the skin under the diaper
* Vomiting
* Watery eyes
* Sipyaschee or wheezing
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Basic childcare

After the arrival of a child born, parents begin to understand that before them - a new man, which requires great attention and care. Sometimes it even seems that they can not handle. But it is not. The child's probably just inexperienced father and mother, who had not yet fully confident changing diapers or dressing your baby. With the birth of the child before the older open a new wide field of activity in which they will soon become true experts. The main thing - to calm down and enjoy communicating with your child.

Diapering

First you should decide how to use diapers: disposable or reusable cotton. Disposable diapers are very convenient, so 80% of children grow up in them. Cotton nappies are also on sale, and many parents prefer to use them.

Before diapering should prepare everything that you may need:

· Himself diaper.

· For reusable nappies: inserts and clips.

· For the youngest children: soaked in warm water and a cotton swab and a soft cloth to wipe the ass baby dry. For older children: sanitary napkins without alcohol impregnation (so as not to irritate baby's sensitive skin).

· Cream or ointment (if intertrigo).

· Set of clothes for changing clothes, including socks.

Here is an example sequence of actions when changing diapers:

· Wash and wipe dry hands

· Putting a child on changing table or on a special mattress

· Remove the used diaper

· Wipe ass child, using soaked in warm water and cotton swab or sanitary napkins.

If · cause chafing cream.

· Put on a new diaper:

o Most of reusable diapers are sold in folded form. They are already ready to use. It is necessary to put the child in the middle of the diaper, to raise the front end up and connect to the rear on each side. Seal edges diaper, and on top put on pants.
o For putting on disposable diapers need to expand it, put the child in the center and fix the Velcro on the belt.

· Discard the used diaper in the trash.

Can not leave the child to the changing table unattended.

Bathing baby

Newborn babies do not need to bathe. Within a few weeks after birth until the umbilical wound has healed, the child enough rubdown with a damp sponge. Moisture on navel only slows down the process of healing wounds. After the navel heals, you can begin to bathe the baby in the bath with a small amount of warm water. This should be done very carefully and long. If the child does not like water therapy, you can not insist on them. In this case, even for 1-2 weeks, you can wipe your baby with a sponge. He let you know when will be ready to present bathing.

Before bathing, make sure that the room was warm, and prepare all necessary:

· Tray

· Children Soap

• Stuffed cloth

· Towel

· Baby Shampoo (if already growing hair)

· Ladle or a jug for rinsing

Toys newborns do not really need. All of these ducks, fish, rubber, and even book your child will need when he was much to be swimming in the big bath.

How to bath your baby?

Sponge:

· Putting a child on a special mattress or changing table. When sponging on the table make sure that the baby did not fall, stick to it with one hand.

· Prepare a container of warm water, a soft washcloth and baby soap. During a rubdown should keep the baby wrapped in a towel and lay bare some parts of the body in turn.

· Wipe the baby's face with a napkin dipped in water without soap (so it does not fall into the eyes or mouth of the child). Then wipe his body with soap and water. Particular attention should be paid to the armpit, neck, BTE depressions and genitals.

Bathing in the bath:

· Fill the tub to 6 cm of warm (not hot!) Water, check its temperature inside of the wrist or elbow. Undress him and immediately put the child in the water, so it is not frozen. While supporting baby's head arm, carefully put it in the tub. While bathing, gently encouraged to talk with the child.

• In view of security the body and face of the child should be above the water surface. To the child is not frozen, you can often throw it in warm water.

· With a soft, damp washcloth to wash face and hair, baby. The shampoo should be applied 1-2 times a week. You can gently massage the scalp of the child. Washing and soap scum from the head, should cover the child's eyes with his hand, that they do not hit soap.

· If soap still got into eyes, wash them with a soft cloth dampened with warm water.

· Wash the baby's body from top to bottom. Buttocks and genitals of the child wash their last.

• Following cleaning wipe baby with a soft towel. The hood will provide warmth of the head until the hair is not dry.

· When washing, use warm water, not hot. The water temperature should not exceed 38-40 º C. Fill the tub with water to advance - before you put the child there.

• For bathing necessarily always hold the baby's head with his hand.

Not:

· Leave a child unattended in the bath.

· Stop child's ears with cotton swabs, as they just pushed into the ear sulfur. In addition, since you may damage the eardrum.

How to dress baby

Choose clothes that are easy to put on and remove. The most comfortable clothes on the buttons in the neck, chest, crotch and legs. Fasteners front is preferable to the back. Disguise the child need only when clothing is really very dirty. Minor contamination can be washed wet napkin.

Here are some tips to help alleviate the problem:

· Putting a child on changing table or other flat surface, such as a bed.

· Prepare clean clothes, stretch the collar to the head of the child could walk through.

· Instead of stuffing the child's hand in his sleeve, just insert it in the beginning and carefully Stretch sleeve length.

· To buckle and zipper undoing most pushes it from the body and be very careful.

Care for children's teeth

Once the baby teeth erupt, for them to start caring. To clean even the first tooth appeared. Here are some tips to help preserve the health of children's teeth:

· Best way to clean first teeth - wipe them with a damp cloth.

When · prorezhetsya more teeth, you can start using a soft baby toothbrush.

· Ensure that your child does not fall asleep with a bottle in his mouth. The food remains in the mouth, contributes to the development of caries.

Temperature measurement in a child

In the first year of life, the baby probably at least once the temperature rises, and it will be measured. There are three basic ways to determine body temperature.

* Rectal - the most accurate way.

o Take the mercury thermometer for a wide end and shake off a quick, sharp movement of the hand, while he will not show less than 35 º C.
o Wipe the tip of the thermometer liquid soap or alcohol and rinse with cold running water.
o Lubricate the tip with petroleum jelly or other lubricant.
o Place baby face down on a flat surface (in bed) or to their knees, if the child is very small.
o Holding the back of the child, not allowing him to roll over.
o Use one hand to take the thermometer and gently put it on 1,5-2,5 cm into the rectum. Hold thermometer for 2 minutes, then pull out and see the evidence.
o temperature above 37,7 º C means that the child is sick.

* Underarm measurement - less accurate but more simple and enjoyable way.

o Take the mercury thermometer for a wide end and shake it quick, sharp movement of the hand, while he will not show less than 35 º C.
o Remove from baby garments and shirt.
o Ensure that the child's dry armpit.
o Insert the narrow end of the thermometer in the armpit, lower the child's hand and hold the baby's elbow to the thermometer did not fall.
o Wait for 4-5 minutes and watch the thermometer readings. Usually the result of the axillary measurements at 1-2 degrees lower than rectal.

* Measurement in the ear - the least accurate way to measure the temperature. Measure the temperature in the ear should be an experienced specialist. Better see a doctor, so he showed how it's done.

Nail Grooming

The baby nails are very thin and soft. They need to shave only after they ogrubeyut (as in this case, the child may scratch). Here are some tips:

* It is best to use nail clippers baby scissors with blunt tips or a soft nail files.
* After bathing baby nails are softer, and he relaxes. This is the best time for clipping nails.
* You can cut the nails when the baby sleeps.
* Nails children grow very quickly, so you'll have to cut them at least 1 to 2 times a week.
* Toe nails do not grow so fast. They need to cut only 1-2 times a month.

Sleep Problems

With 2 months the child begins to sleep less during the day. In this age gradually establishes a regime of sleep, and wakes up the baby less often at night. At 3 months, many children sleep at night for 7-8 hours in a row without awakenings. Here's what you can do to make the child sleep better at night:

* Be the baby, do not let him sleep for too long afternoon. So he is more tired and less likely to wake up at night.
* Before going to sleep well feed the child, that he did not wake up from hunger.
* Sometimes children confuse day and night. During the day they want to sleep well at night - to play. To avoid this should be done at night vigil as possible boring. Waking the baby can feed and change, but do not have to play with him and talk. You can not even turn on the lights.
* Some children wake up with the first rays of the sun. To avoid this, zashtorte window.
* Do not run to the child every time he sobs. Sometimes children in the shallow stage of sleep steep and scream, and then calmly and deeply asleep.
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Breastfeeding and working

It is well known that the most beneficial for the baby is breast milk. Nevertheless, nearly a third of young mothers in developed countries stop breastfeeding shortly after returning to work.

Pumping milk at work

Many mothers think that the work they will not have time to pump milk or just shy. However, modern Breast pumps help make this very quickly, quietly and unobtrusively. Therefore it is not necessary to risk a healthy baby after returning to work.

Doctors recommend breast milk to feed the child during the first 6 months of his life, and in the U.S. in some states even have laws that protect the right of women to pump milk at work. Here's what you can do in this situation.

Discuss your problem with the head

Consider everything before you return to work. If you are in the office are no special rooms for pumping milk, try to find a readily available, empty room with a lockable door. Toilet rooms are not suitable, because it is difficult to retire and, moreover, not clear.

For pumping milk you need a 15-20 minute break every 3-4 hours. If necessary, arrange with the chief to come earlier or leave later to compensate for lost time.

Right to pump milk

* Choose a good breast pump. Electric breast pump with two-phase pumping is most effective, but for mothers who work part-time, will approach and manual breast pump. Keep on the work of spare parts for the Breast, in case you forget them at home.
* Prepare the child. About 4 weeks of feeding the child breast milk from a bottle. By this time the child is already good at her breast and the transition to bottle feeding, as a rule, no problem.
* Wear appropriate clothing. Wearing loose clothing with buttons facilitate your task. Do not forget the special pads for the chest, the clothes are not wet.
* Consider where you will store the milk. Express milk in feeding bottles or storage. If you pumped out more milk than necessary for your child the next day, the excess can be stored in a freezer in special bags. If there is no refrigerator, put in bags filled with ice bag with a thermos.
* Take stock. A week before returning to work to pump milk 1-2 times a day and freeze it in chunks of 60-120 ml. You can use this milk in the first day I go out to work, and subsequently in the case of surprises.
* Wash Breast details. Between the use of wash Breast edge of the crater and hot water and soap. You can store your accessories in the refrigerator in a plastic bag fastened or wrapped in a special antimicrobial wipes, which are sold in-store baby supplies.
* Keep track of each other. If you are calm during pumping, you can pump out more milk. If you look at a picture of their baby, it will also facilitate the procedure. Do not forget during the day to drink more water.

Try "working day"

Before the end of maternity leave, arrange a test. Inviting a half-day man who will care for the child in your absence. Try to plan everything as if you were at work, and see what happens.

Ideally, you should turn out to pump out enough milk for tomorrow's feeding for 2-3 hours. If milk is not enough or it becomes smaller, consult your doctor.
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